Orbis terrarum (Rules)

Basic Rules
These are the basic tenets, based on those set down by the now-retired original creator of the first game, Cosman246. Although they have been edited many times they still remain the basic idea of the game:
 * The main goal of these rules is to keep the game realistic, therefore every turn must be plausible; one cannot take over the world in ten turns.
 * A turn is one day. Each turn is composed of one action, which can be militaristic, diplomatic, etc.
 * Turns begin at 21:00 UTC. Do not edit past turns.
 * Exploration (or any sort of sea travel) takes one turn.
 * Any land which is conquered has inhabitants, and they must be dealt with.
 * Keep in mind the linguistic effects of conquering and colonizing.
 * Every person must do an action every year, but only one action.
 * Every five turns, a map is to be made. A moderator marked as Mapmaker will edit the map.
 * Every map must be saved as a .png on the current map template.
 * Each player will "call" a nation, one nation per player. Until decolonization
 * The moderators of this game have the power to grant and regulate technology for every nation, as well as regulate plausibility. They also have the right to create random yet plausible and fair events in any and every nation throughout the course of the game.
 * Actions like espionage are allowed and will be detailed later.
 * Alliances and dynastic unions are allowed, as is bargaining to achieve these.
 * If a nation is inactive (does not respond for more than a week without warning), it is considered in civil disorder and thus fair game for conquering even if one was allied with it. However, resistance is stronger than if it was normally conquered.
 * There are supernational confederations (e.g. the Holy Roman Empire, the Kalmar Union), and they function like alliances. They can be broken (e.g. the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire) and they can be formed (e.g. the unification of Spain)
 * You can hire raiders/pirates and make them raid any nation's ship, but this greatly reduces that country's relationship with your nation.
 * The game ends in the present.
 * Profile pages for your country are recommended. See here for an example.
 * If you are new, you start the game in the turn you joined.
 * No editing past turns beyond the immediate. No editing any past turns to contradict events which have already happened.
 * Not everyone can have an industrialized, liberal, stable, peaceful nation.

Turns
You are awarded turns for the following:

•main nation: 1 turn

•second nation in dynastic or personal union: 0.5 turns

•no expansion in five years: 0.5 turns

Normal turns are as follows: There are no rules on what you can write about: it just has to be relevant to your country, significant, plausible, and appropriate. Two guidelines for all posts are:
 * 0: diplomacy not against a player nation, cultural events,
 * 0.5: small economic construction (such as a building), continuing statements (e.g. XXX continues to update its technology), exploration, a full turn can be spread out over two years
 * 1: military, expansion, major economic upheaval, new technology
 * Always include a name for your country. If your country is the United States, you can use "America," "the Americans," "the US," "the USA," etc. Avoid "The White House declares xxx," or "Montana expands north into xxx," but instead "The American government declares xxx" or "American troops in Montana push north into xxx."
 * When you expand into another country, always include the actual name. A map is included on the Principia Moderni talk page with the names of various countries. But don't write "The US expands into China more," if you are invading Tibetan Kingdoms. It would be even better to write, "The US invades the Tibetan kingdom of Lhasa, expanding south as far as Mount Everest."

Expansion turns
these means how much a nation can expand into a dark area, e.g known areas of the world can be conquered faster than unknown areas of it, Say for a Latin descent nation (France) Expands onto Hispania, Britannia, or Belgica or Example Persia expands onto Central asia, but if the lands are unknown say, France expands into Germania or the Byzantine empire expands into Dacia is half fast than known world areas

this only applies to regions near the Main territories of the nation Crimea - Byzantium, France - Britain

Colonial Turns
Within each turn, you may expand colonies by a given amount in areas that are black or dark grey on the map. They are given in square kilometres. Only use numbers divided by 50 in your turns (e.g. do not use numbers like 734, round to 750). This is because 50 sq km is equal to one pixel. With several extra modifiers:
 * The above chart is for expansion when using a full turn to do so. If you have already used a full turn in your main nation, your colonial expansion is 75% of the normal rate per turn.
 * If the colony itself is younger than five years, it can only expand by 200 square kilometers, regardless of any bonuses.
 * If a colony itself is older than 50 years, a bonus +100 square km is given for expansion in that colony.
 * If a colony is older than 150 years, a bonus +500 square km is given for expansion in that colony.
 * When areas of the Americas are first contacted by people from Eurasia or Africa, that region that is contacted will have double the colonial expansion rates from those outside nations. Regions contacted in the first 50 years since first contact will have tripled expansion.
 * Additional bonuses will be received with industrialization, and other bonuses may arrive later.
 * Expansion into areas which are fragmented (in civil disarray or small states) can be done through colonial expansions, at half the normal rates. Expansion into organized states requires an algorithm.

Colonization Rules

 * Colonies are defined as any possessions separated from its contiguous home country by an ocean (Britain-Canada) or multiple seas (Italy-Ethiopia). This also includes places significantly distanced from a main home country (France-Lebanon).
 * No colonies on America until 1200 (pending on if the navel tech spreads faster and the nations develop easier)
 * No external colonies until your country is "boxed in." There is exception if a state has a special connection to a certain area.
 * Only two new colonies are allowed per 50 year period. The maximum number is seven at one time, two of which can be "large size." Large colonies are larger than OTL Peru (1,285,216 km2) OR 25,704 pixels. No exceptions.
 * Colonies begin as a slice off a coast, and expand slowly over a period of 30-100 years to full size.
 * The maximum number of external colonies after World War II is three, which can't be large. Small exclaves of former large colonies count as 1/3 of a colony, but these may not be large cities.
 * Colonies are designated on the map with red borders, as opposed to the usual grey.

Multiple Nations
It is possible to create multiple nations. However some rules must be observed.

Vassal States
You may have vassal states subordinate to your nation, but contiguous to your nation. They are ruled by your first nation's government, but are allowed to keep their own interests. Size rules do not apply, nor do limits on the number of total colonies, except within plausibility. The size and population of vassal states not vassalized through war should not be more than half that of your main nation. It should take 4-5 turns at least to vassalize a state. You can annex vassal states after they have been ruled over by you for a couple decades.

Dynastic or Personal Union
Dynastic or personal union is multiple countries ruled by a single dynasty or person, respectively. This can be accomplished by overthrowing the dynasty in another country. The other country must border your first country. The rules are the same as standard expansion, but it may be a better idea than invasion if the second nation is an ally or has a different religion. The second nation may have an extra half turn or full turn, with the first nation having a half turn.

Independence
Bordering nations may gain independence at any time. Colonies may gain independence beginning in 1776. Players may add a quarter turn per year and keep alliance with the first nation, or add a half turn and break alliances. Players may also decide to relinquish control over the independent state and come back to it later, although standard expansion rules apply. After thirty years, the number of turns doubles for an independent nation.

Full Unity
A nation not in dynastic or personal union and without vassal states is in full unity. When not in full unity, the country is more susceptible to invasion, despite having more turns. Newly independent nations are in full unity after 15 turns.

Moderators

 * There should be a sufficient number of moderators at all times.
 * Anyone may comment on a post believed to be implausible, but only moderators may roll them back or cross the post out.
 * Moderators are in charge of inducting new members.
 * Moderators should be active often to inspect moves for historical implausibility.
 * Moderators may cause natural events, revolts, NPC . Moderators may cause events affecting all players of a certain region or only players who have expanded implausibly.
 * Moderators may have specific roles, which they are in charge of.
 * Inactive moderators may be removed.
 * Moderators may be impeached. The impeachment procedure can only be initiated by another moderator. Only moderators (minus the one being impeached) can vote.
 * A moderator may propose that a user be banned from the game, either temporarily or permanently. The moderators will vote upon this.

Requirements

 * Not having expanded implausibly for fifteen turns, as determined by other moderators.
 * Played for at least thirty moves.
 * Must use a user account for most of their edits.
 * Must be active at least six days a week on average.

Plausibility
Common sense. If it's not plausible, it shouldn't be on the game. This is an attempt to signify a real-life alternate history. Also, just because it's plausible or even if it occurred in real life doesn't mean it follows the rules. Just because you play as Britain doesn't give you a chance to become a mega-superpower.

Common Implausibilities:
 * Advancing technology too fast. You should never invent something or discover something more than ten years ahead of real life, If you have a special circumstance, which could occur, please contact a moderator to ask permission.
 * Expanding too fast. Massive expansion takes time to achieve, and nations that have expanded vast amounts in short periods of time (like the Mongols, Nazi Germans or Napoleonic French) have had their empires collapse, break apart, and be defeated soon after doing so.
 * Having real-life people exist. No real-life people born after 1450 will exist in this map game. There are billions of name combinations, other than very common ones or repeat names in royal families, it is unlikely that any of the same names that are for famous people in our world would be for famous people in others.
 * Massive cultural shifts. Cultural shifts take many decades, have to have good reason, and tend to not be drastic. Religious changes in nations, other than secularism rising in the twentieth century, will almost always just be a denominational change, unless they have been conquered by another nation.
 * Being overly liberal for the time period. Especially in the west, religious freedom was a foreign concept in most nations prior to the nineteenth century. In almost all nations, women did not become leaders and important figures with equal rights until the twentieth century. Don't get ahead of real life, like technology

Articles
Users are required to create articles for all of their colonies, as well as their main country. Colonies without an accompanying article for ten turns will be confiscated. Articles are highly recommended for regions, events, and famous people that didn't exist IRL. There is an opportunity for bonus and/or awards for creativity and work put into articles.

A main country article must include (recommended headings in parentheses): A colonial article must include: All articles are placed under the category.
 * capital and other cities (Urban Areas)
 * administrative divisions (Subdivisions)
 * official language, culture, and religion (Culture)
 * ruler or monarch, government system (Government)
 * a quality picture of choice — map and flag highly recommended (can be under any heading)
 * history —may be detailed or brief, but must include important dates such as establishment date and any date of change of government (History)
 * a description of foreign relations (Foreign Relations)
 * list of colonies and colonial history (Colonies)
 * list of settlements in their native language and OTL equivalents (Cities and Towns)
 * cultural description (Culture)
 * history —may be detailed or brief, but must include date of formation and any applicable dates of transfer or full conquering of a sovereign state (History)
 * a picture of choice —map highly recommended (may be under any heading)

Maps

 * Maps are updated every five years and are to be posted as soon as possible during the year they are active. They apply to the end of every turn. So the 2005 map will apply to the years 2000-2004.
 * Only mapmakers (User:) may post on behalf of other players. Anyone may dispute the map if they see a problem.
 * Anyone may edit the map on behalf of their own country.

Types of Countries
Countries are added to the map, as is custom, after a few turns of activity. This a measure to keep players involved in the game and prevent spamming and people who join just to make a few turns for a country. Countries are disconnected after an extended period of inactivity, and only when it is nearly certain that a player will not return. A player may always return to a disconnected country unless another user has taken over the country. Move your feet, lose your seat.

Regions in the map in light gray are organized states that have a central government or confederation. These states can see minor expansion but at a certain point there will be a large amount of organized resistance and possible war.

Regions in dark gray are fragmented. Countries which are fragmented may have a weak or powerless central government. This could mean that they are in civil disarray, in which the populace is in civil war, or composed of numerous small city-states. Countries that enter this state may come out of fragmentation, but it will take anywhere from a few years to a few decades depending on the size.. They 1.5 times resistance in wars, but cannot take any territory in wars.. Expansion into these countries is difficult and damaging. You may help set up governments in a fragmented area but this is a messy process and must be done carefully.

Regions in black are dominated by a tribal or nomadic system of society. They are the easiest to expand into although that doesn't mean there will not be strong resistance. Major tribes are marked.

War
You may declare a war on any country at any time. You may have any NPC declare war on you as long as it is plausible. Small border expansion can be completed without a war algorithm, but major expansion or invasions require the war algorithm to be completed. In order to declare war, you must specify what country.

An algorithm for war has been developed and is used in any war involving a player. This includes player-versus-player wars and player-versus-NPC wars. Everyone should try and copy the algorithms and construct their own. These algorithms are final. Disregarding the outcome of the algorithm will result in a ban!

In cases of civil wars, other wars where both factions are controlled by the same player, or in an instance where the players controlling the lead nations agree to a fixed outcome, algorithms do not have to be used.

You are not allowed to break off territory into new vassals or vassalize new nations in the middle of a war to increase the nations on your side. Wars can only be retconned if all players involved agree to do so.

War Algorithm
Localization: a nation can earn points pending on the distance of its capital from the conflict zone Tactical Advantage: Related to other conditions Alliances: a nation can choose to help your campaign with troops( +3 points, +2 if its a vassal state) with supplies(+2 points,+1 for the vassals) o withdraw their support( -1 punto). as well the nation coordinating the campaign gives 4 points
 * In the same place: 5
 * Nearby: 4
 * Half Way: 3
 * Far away: 2
 * Other side of the world: 1
 * Antarctica: 0
 * Initiative: 1 extra point for the faction that started the war
 * Defender's Advantage: 2 points if you are the defendant
 * Home Advantage: 1 extra point if your country has been invaded and the invasor has no knowledge of the terrain ( doesn't share borders with you, nor commercial routes e.g America, Arabia, sahara, and Russian territories currently)
 * Blockade: if you have 10 rearmaments (weaponry Points) centered in the navy, you earn 1 extra point and block half of the economical bonification on the opponents algorithm
 * Slaughter: if the 10 Rearmaments are based in the army you earn 1 extra point and block half of the bonificacion per population, also it reduces morale in -1
 * Popularity: you will receive bonifications or penalties depending on how popular is your campaign in the wazone, if the population considere it...
 * Impopular: -2
 * hated: -1
 * Irrelevant: 0
 * Popular: 1
 * Liberating: 2
 * Morale: also related to the popularity. depends on the loyalty of your soldiers
 * Loyal: 3
 * Regular: 1
 * Disloyal: -1
 * Weaponry: 1 point for each turn in the last 15 turns dedicated to increase your military tech and prepare your army
 * Expansion -1 point for each turn invested in colonizacion and expansion in great scale( financed with denarii)

Strenght: it depends on how many allies are supplying or indirectly aiding in the war: L=+4,A=+3 ,SV=+2,S=+1

Luck: a number between 1 and 9 decided by random.org

Economy: 1 point per each 5 denarii that the nation possess ( if a nation posses,e.g 7 Denarii, it i'll be counted as 5)

Population: 1 point per each zero in the cypher in the population of the country (e.g a nation with 1.000.000 inhabitants gets 6 points)

Others: nations can receive special bonus depending on their technology, etc...

Motive:which is the reason of the war
 * Economic: Fighting for resources= +3
 * Defending: Fighting to defend territory you already own= +5
 * Social/Moral Friend: Fighting for social/moral reasons to help an ethnicity/race in the nation= +5
 * Social/Moral Kinsmen: Fighting for social/moral reasons to help a minority of your nation's main ethnicity/race in another nation= +7
 * Religious: Fighting for your nation's dominant religion, against a nation which is severely increasing discrimination, increasingly restricting access to or damaging holy sites, brutally opposing conversion attempts, or has recently changed its religion/denomination= +7
 * Life or Death:Opponents purpose is to destroy your nation= +10
 * To gain Land: -3
 * to Gain coastline: -2

a war can end by a treaty or a indisputable victory, definitive from one faction.then the difference between both results and there will be a calculation of the percentage, represented in comparison to the highest result. the nations can set conditions in a treaty or the defeating nation can take to the otherthe same percentage of denarii's or territory. other assets, that might be desired, can be obtained by the mean of treaties, e.g technologies and other investigation points

this and maybe merge it with Principia moderni's one Sine dei gloriem (talk) 00:51, December 24, 2012 (UTC)

Coalition wars
For a coalition algorithm, all of the nations that have declared full-on war would have their own algorithm section (with them being the leader, their nation age and military buildup, etc.) The real change is for the results. Then, all the nations on each side would be added up together, and the winning side gets to take territory from each nation. However, the nations that do better on each side would get more, while nations that did really bad may be temporarily occupied.

War time Spend
the time the war will take to gain land will be,the cyphers of the year in which war is declared(4+7+7=18) Multiplied by the winning result divided by the loser and divided x4 Then multiplied x0.5 Example:Visigoths:67 ,Burgundy: 25 WDY: 486 = ((18*67)/25)=48.24/8)6.03*0.5) =3,015 Meaning war lasts Three years

Foreign Involvement
You control the basic government of your country. To an extent, you may also create the actions of your country's people as long as it is plausible. For example, there is nothing wrong with posting "the citizens begin exploring new art forms." But there is a problem with posting "every citizen decides to paint himself purple from birth."

Player countries (PCs) are controlled by a user. You must ask request to do the following with a PC: You may do the following without permission of the player: For non-player nations (who are not controlled by a user), you may do the following. However, these must be dealt with carefully and plausibly: However, unless there is evidence from our timeline or previous years of Principia Moderni, you cannot simply assume you have trade or an alliance.
 * Diplomacy and alliances.
 * Cut or re-continue trade along trade routes.
 * Declare war.
 * To a limited extent, help encourage movements among the common people.
 * Sign treaties, agreements and alliances.
 * Encourage the government of that country to make certain choices.
 * Create ideas among the common people.

There is a definitive line between PCs and NPCs, as should be reflected by the most recent version of the map. If in doubt, ask a moderator.

Industrialization
Industrialization will begin in 1700. A player nation will be chosen several decades prior by the moderators as the nation which will begin industrialization. It will spread geographically from there.

Nuclear and Space Technology
As these are two major technologies, they will be restricted.

Nuclear Technology

 * 1) In 1920, 2-4 of the most powerful nations in the world can begin to research nuclear technology. These nations will be powerful, not-small, fully industrialized stable nations
 * 2) For the next 20 years, a turn can be devoted to nuclear research. This counts as a full turn.
 * 3) In 1940, the nation of those 2-4 with the most turns to develop the first nuclear bomb any year in the 1940s.
 * 4) The nation with the second most amount of research must wait until two years have passed since the first developed the nuclear bomb to develop theirs. Additional nations must wait, in order, to develop their bombs. Making a nuclear bomb counts as a full turn.
 * 5) If a nation does not develop their nuclear bomb in the decade given (1940-50 for the first nation, 1942-52 for the second, etc.), then the nation after them can skip them and go ahead and make theirs.
 * 6) Ten years after the last of the original 2-4 nations has developed their bomb, other nations can do so with help from a nuclear nation.
 * 7) 20 years after the last of the original 2-4 nations has developed their bomb, other nations can do so without help from a nuclear nation.

Space Exploration

 * Space exploration will work in a similar manner, with 2-4 nations being chosen (not necessarily the same as the nuclear ones) in 1930, and having to devote full turns to space research. Then in the 1950s the nation with the most research could send a satellite into space, as a full turn, and the two year rule, based on the number of years devoted to space exploration. Nations would have to leave real-life buffers between stages of space exploration (four years after first satellite to launch the first man, eight years to launch a man to the moon). The same rules about ten year waits for other nations, and difference between independents and with help, would apply.